八度泛音（Artificial harmonic）的演奏

      To produce an artificial harmonic, a stringed instrument player holds down a note on the neck with the non-dominant hand, thereby shortening the vibrational length of the string, uses a finger to lightly touch a point on the string that is an integer divisor of its vibrational length, and plucks or bows the side of the string that is closer to the bridge. This technique is used to produce harmonic tones that are otherwise inaccessible on the instrument. To guitar players, one variety of this technique is known as a pinch harmonic. Many guitarists, chiefly of the heavy metal genre (such as Eddie Van Halen, Dimebag Darrell and Kerry King, and the bands Tremolocaust and Nile), also rapidly bend or use a vibrato on the string to create a high pitched squeal, in addition to creating the artificial harmonic.This technique, like natural harmonics, works by canceling out the fundamental tone and one or more partial tones by deadening their modes of vibration. See node.

 

     

                       八度泛音（Artificial harmonic）

 

      为了克服自然泛音的局限性，我们使用另一种泛音奏法——八度（人工）泛音（harm.8），有时我们称之为右手泛音或人工泛音。八度泛音可将泛音在吉他上扩展到半音阶的范围。虽然这种泛音的音量不太大，但它更有利于将泛音和它相应的实音音高统一起来。八度泛音同时需要右手食指、无名指和左手的一个手指作用于同一根琴弦上来完成。在弹奏时，左手仍按照通常的方式将弦按到指板上，并持续压住琴弦直到这个音结束。右手食指在左手所按品与琴马间距离准确的1／2处瞬间轻触琴弦（这个点比左手手指按的实际音高出12个品或一个八度。例如，第一弦第一品“F”这个音的八度泛音点，应在第13品的地方），用无名指去拨弦。

 

      泛音，英文称为Harmonics，在弦乐的演奏技巧上最常用到的人工泛音为Touch fourth。一跃两个八度音程，音脆如笛声，细腻得让人有一种不稳定的平衡感。除了发音体整体振动产生的最低的音是基音，以基音为标准，其余1/2、1/3、1/4等各部分也是同时振动，是泛音。泛音的组合决定了特定的音色，并能使人明确地感到基音的响度。乐器和自然界里所有的音都有泛音。人工泛音的发音原理是用左手按下吉他上任何一个非空弦音，然后找到以这个音为基音的 1/2泛音点，也就是距这个音第十二品格的位置，即这个音弦长的1/2处，象演奏自然泛音一样，用右手1指轻触泛音点，用右手a指（演奏低音弦时有时也用p指拨弦）在离泛音点尽量远处拨弹琴弦，在a指发音同时 i指果断离弦，就发出了比基音高八度的泛音。演奏人工泛音左手按弦同时如能揉弦还能美化音色。人工泛音也常被称为八度泛音，因为人工泛音主要由右手完成，所以也被叫做右手泛音。人工泛音一般用表示八度的8va、或0ct.来表示。

 

     

      八度泛音（Artificial harmonic）的演奏

 

      八度泛音 Artificial Harmonic：To play an artificial harmonic, fret the note in the left hand, then with the index finger of the right hand, lightly touch the same string 12 frets higher. Using another finger of the right hand, now pluck the string. As you do so, remove the index finger to allow the string to vibrate. The sound will be an octave higher than the fretted note, but more delicate and 'flute-like' than usual. There is no universal standard for how to write artificial harmonics, the triangular brackets shown above are the most common - the number 14 indicates that the string is lightly touched at this point, meaning the stopped fret will be 12 below this on the 2nd fret.